Law of the Republic of Belarus On Personal Data Protection, special personal data

Law No. 99-Z, arts. 1, 8 (special personal data)

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In force since 15 November 2021.

A sensitive categories rule binding public and private bodies.

As of 19 September 2026.

What it requires

Do not process special personal data, meaning data on race or nationality, political opinions, trade union membership, religious or other beliefs, sex life or health, administrative or criminal records, or biometric or genetic data, without the personal data subject's consent, unless a listed exception applies, such as the data having been publicly disclosed by the subject, a labor relations purpose, or medical care by a bound professional, under Article 8.
Treat an image from which fingerprints, palmprints, iris or face features can be read as biometric personal data, not only a directly captured template, under the Article 1 definition.
Adopt a set of measures against the risks processing poses to a personal data subject's rights and freedoms before relying on any Article 8 exception to process special personal data.

What it reaches

Excludes recording-derived identifiersNo

Obligation class

Consent, Prohibition, Biometric

What this law does

Drafted with AI from the cited sources under the direction of UnGovr staff. UnGovr holds editorial responsibility for this page.

Article 1 defines special personal data as personal data related to race or nationality, political opinions, trade union membership, religious or other beliefs, sex life or health, administrative or criminal records, and biometric and genetic personal data, with biometric personal data itself defined as information characterizing the physiological and biological particularities of an individual used for unique identification, naming fingerprints, palmprints, iris, and face features and their image as examples.

This definition is not confined to a directly captured biometric template, and reaches an image from which those features can be read.

Article 8 prohibits processing special personal data without the personal data subject's consent, except in the listed cases, including where the personal data subject has made the special personal data publicly disclosed himself, for labor relations, for medical care by a professional bound to patient confidentiality, for the administration of justice, or for national security, anti corruption or anti money laundering purposes, and permits processing in those cases only where a set of measures against the risks it poses to personal data subjects' rights and freedoms has been adopted.

When LexLint raises it

crawls_web
trains_models
processes_biometrics
handles_health_records

Read the law

National Center for Personal Data Protection's own English pages (cpd.by), read in full (71,842 characters)
corroborated by e-sud.by practitioner guide

Every line above is drawn from the primary source linked here, read on the date shown. This is a research summary, not legal advice.

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