Ley 21.459, art. 2, acceso ilícito a un sistema informático
Ley 21.459, art. 2 (acceso ilícito)
A citation is an address, not a summary. The first part names the law; what follows narrows it to the exact section, article or paragraph.
In force since 20 June 2022.
A computer misuse rule binding private bodies.
As of 2 September 2026.
What it requires
- Do not defeat a technical barrier or technological security measure (a login, a paywall, an access token) to reach a computer system without authorization; doing so is a criminal offence regardless of what is then done with the data.
- Crawling a public, unauthenticated page that carries no such barrier is not itself an offence under this article.
If you get it wrong
Criminal exposureYes
Criminal exposure note
Acceso ilícito (art. 2) carries presidio menor en su grado mínimo or a fine of 11 to 20 unidades tributarias mensuales; the penalty rises where access is committed with intent to appropriate or use the system's information.
What this law does
Drafted with AI from the cited sources under the direction of UnGovr staff. UnGovr holds editorial responsibility for this page.
Article 2 criminalizes accessing a computer system without authorization, or exceeding held authorization, only where the actor also defeats a technical barrier or technological security measure protecting that system.
Both elements are conjunctive on the statute's own text, so crawling a page that carries no such barrier, a public, unauthenticated page, does not by itself satisfy this offence; accessing a system behind a login, a paywall, or another technical access control without authorization does.
The offence carries presidio menor en su grado mínimo (a short custodial term) or a fine of eleven to twenty unidades tributarias mensuales, rising where the access is committed with intent to appropriate or use the system's information (art. 2, second paragraph, not quoted here). This statute repealed and replaced Ley 19.223 to align Chile with the Budapest Convention on Cybercrime.
When LexLint raises it
crawls_web
Read the law
Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional (BCN), Ley Chile, consolidated text