Legge sul Diritto d'Autore Artt. 70-ter and 70-quater, Text-and-Data-Mining Exceptions
Legge 22 aprile 1941 n. 633, artt. 70-ter, 70-quater, inserted by Decreto Legislativo 8 novembre 2021, n. 177; art. 70-septies inserted by Legge 23 settembre 2025, n. 132, art. 25
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In force since 12 December 2021.
A copyright and text and data mining (TDM) rule binding public and private bodies.
As of 6 September 2026.
What it requires
- You may reproduce and extract text and data from lawfully accessible works, databases, or other materials for text-and-data-mining purposes, including through AI models and systems, whether for scientific research (art. 70-ter) or general and commercial use (art. 70-quater/70-septies).
- Honour an express reservation of rights by the rightholder over the works or database used: Article 70-quater's general text and data mining (TDM) permission, which art. 70-septies extends to AI training, does not apply where the rightholder has expressly reserved the use.
- Keep any copy made for text-and-data-mining purposes only for as long as needed for that purpose, and secure it to at least the level Article 70-ter requires.
- Reproducing or extracting text or data in violation of these exceptions, including through an AI system, is a separate criminal offence under Article 171, comma 1, lettera a-ter.
What it reaches
Obligation class
TDM
What this law does
Drafted with AI from the cited sources under the direction of UnGovr staff. UnGovr holds editorial responsibility for this page.
Article 70-ter permits reproductions by research organisations and cultural-heritage-protection institutions, for scientific-research purposes, for text-and-data-mining (text and data mining (TDM)) from works or other material in networks or databases to which they have lawful access, and communication to the public of the research's results where expressed in new original works (comma 1); TDM is defined as any automated technique for analysing large quantities of text, sound, images, data or metadata in digital form to generate information, including patterns, trends and correlations (comma 2).
Article 70-quater permits, without prejudice to Article 70-ter, reproductions and extractions from works or other material in networks or databases to which there is lawful access, for TDM purposes generally, including commercial use, unless the rightholders of the copyright, related rights or database right have expressly reserved the use (comma 1); copies made under either article may be kept only as long as needed for the TDM purpose, and must be secured to a level at least equal to that required under Article 70-ter.
Legge 132/2025 (Italy's national AI law), art. 25, inserted Article 70-septies, confirming that reproductions and extractions for TDM through AI models and systems, including generative AI, from lawfully accessible works or database material, are permitted under the same Articles 70-ter and 70-quater conditions, subject to the Berne Convention, effective 10 October 2025.
The same law's art. 26(3) added a new criminal offence at Article 171, comma 1, lettera a-ter, punishing reproduction or extraction of text or data from works or material in networks or databases in violation of Articles 70-ter or 70-quater, including through an AI system; Article 171's chapeau states the penalty as a fine in Italian lire ("da L. 500 a L. 20.000") in the text, and no verified euro-converted figure is available, so that amount is not recorded here.
When LexLint raises it
crawls_webtrains_models