Copyright and Related Rights Code, Reproduction Right and Counterfeiting
A citation is an address, not a summary. The first part names the law; what follows narrows it to the exact section, article or paragraph.
In force.
A copyright and text and data mining (TDM) rule binding public and private bodies.
As of 6 September 2026.
What it requires
- Do not reproduce, communicate to the public, or otherwise use a protected work, including a compilation or database that is itself an intellectual creation, without the author's authorisation, unless a free-use exception in article 129 applies.
- There is no text-and-data-mining or AI-training exception to rely on when training a model on scraped copyrighted text.
If you get it wrong
Criminal exposureYes
Private right of actionYes
Criminal exposure note
Unauthorised use of a work in a way the Code provides for is a crime of counterfeiting, punishable with imprisonment of up to three years or a fine of 150 to 250 days, both doubled on recidivism, where the conduct is not a more seriously punished crime (art. 147(4)).
What it reaches
Obligation class
Prohibition
What this law does
Drafted with AI from the cited sources under the direction of UnGovr staff. UnGovr holds editorial responsibility for this page.
Article 4(2) of the Copyright and Related Rights Code (Law No. 14/2022) gives an author the exclusive right to authorise the use of a work. Article 10(1)(l) extends copyright to a compilation or database whose selection or arrangement of its contents is itself an intellectual creation, with no sui generis right independent of that originality test.
Article 129, the Code's full list of free and permitted uses, contains no text-and-data-mining or AI-training exception and no reference to a robots.txt or other machine-readable signal. Article 147 makes it a crime of counterfeiting to use a work in any of the ways the Code provides for without the author's authorisation, punishable with imprisonment of up to three years or a fine of 150 to 250 days, doubled on recidivism, where the conduct does not amount to a more seriously punished crime.
The National Parliament approved the Code on 29 November 2022 and the President promulgated it on 20 December 2022. Article 176 provides that it enters into force 180 days after its publication, and the record located here does not establish the Jornal da República publication date needed to fix that day.
When LexLint raises it
crawls_webtrains_models
Read the law
Copyright and Related Rights Code
Law No. 14/2022, English-language text hosted on the WTO's Timor-Leste accession legislation page (wto.org)