Korea (North)

Article 201 (Crime of Computer Network Intrusion) punishes with up to 2 years of labour-reform a person who intrudes into a computer network in the fields of state administration, national defence construction, or advanced science and technology, a narrow, sector-limited offence rather than a general unauthorised-access law reaching an ordinary public website.

Article 202 (Crime of Information Destruction) punishes with up to 3 years of labour-reform a person who destroys important information stored in an information-processing device such as a computer. Article 203 (Crime of Inputting or Spreading False Information) punishes with up to 2 years of labour-reform a person who, under greed, jealousy, or another base motive, inputs false information into a computer network or spreads it, causing confusion in information processing.

None of the three articles carries a monetary fine; the sanction is a term of the Code's own labour-training or labour-reform, not a penalty this dataset's schema expresses as a monetary cap.

Article 34 prohibits, without the copyright holder's permission, using, copying, exhibiting, circulating, adapting, translating, selling, or telecasting a software, altering the name of its developer or of the software, exporting or importing it, or destroying or removing a protection device of its software technology.

Article 39 places destruction of or illegal access to a software through computer networks among the acts the central guidance organ of software industry and the relevant supervisory and control organ must control, alongside producing, copying, or circulating a computer virus.

Article 35 permits copying and using a software without permission only where it is used for educational purposes in educational institutions, needed for a law-enforcement organ's investigation of a case, or has been distributed free of charge.

Article 9(8) of the Copyright Law lists computer programs among the objects of copyright, so copying or adapting a program without permission falls under the Law's general infringement rules. Article 32 permits use of a copyrighted work without the copyright holder's permission only in nine listed cases, including reproduction or translation for individual or family use.

The other eight cover reproduction for preservation, display, reading, or lending in a library, archive, museum, or memorial hall, copying, broadcasting, or adapting for school education, copying, broadcasting, or use for compilation needed for state management, broadcasting or carrying in a newspaper or periodical for the purpose of introduction, quotation, free performance, copying of a work in a public place, and sound-recording or reproduction in Braille for blind people.

None of the nine is framed as a machine-readable reservation or opt-out, so the Law carries no text-and-data-mining exception of that kind.

Article 12 excludes documents for state management, current news, or information data from the object of copyright outright, unless a commercial purpose is pursued: current news as such is never a protected work under this Law.

Article 32(5) and (6) separately let any person broadcast or carry a copyrighted work in a newspaper or periodical for the purpose of introducing it, or quote a copyrighted work, without the copyright holder's permission; neither is capped at a headline-length or short-extract threshold, and no reported North Korean decision applies either to a systematic news aggregator as opposed to a traditional press report.

North Korea has no separate press-publisher neighbouring right, no compelled platform-to-publisher bargaining regime, and no located case law on hyperlinking or framed display.